Lord Badri Vishal is enshrined in seven forms

Lord Badri Vishal is enshrined in seven forms
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Dinesh Kukreti
Uttarakhand Himalayas have as much significance as the Badrinath Dham of the legendary pilgrimages of the Sapta Badri group.  Like Badrinath Dham, Lord Narayana dwells in various forms in these pilgrimages.  Kedarkhand Ó of Skanda Purana गया states that 'Idam Vishnurvi Chakme Tredha Ni Dadhe Padam, Samulhamasya Pansure Swaha' (Omnipresent God Vishnu has held this world and he is the first to embellish three positions in land, second space and third dulok.  They mean that they are prevalent everywhere).  The establishment period of all these temples of Sapta Badri group is more or less the same, which is considered to be of Badrinath Dham.  These include Adi Badri near Karnaprayag, Yoga-Dhyan Badri in Pandukeshwar, Bhavishya Badri in Subhani village near Joshimath, Dhyan Badri in Urgam valley, Old Badri in Animath near Joshimath, Narsingh Badri in Joshimath and Vishal Badri in Badrishpuri ie Badrinath Dham.  Huh.

Some temples of the Sapta Badri group remain open for visitors throughout the year, while the rest have a tradition of opening and closing the doors like Chardham.  It is said that in ancient times, when the path to Badrinath Dham was very inaccessible and full of woes, then most of the devotees used to get the blessings of Lord Narayana in Adi Badri Dham.  However, the road to Badrinath Dham became easier with the construction of road over time.  There is also a belief that the wrist of Lord Narsingh's left hand is constantly weakening in the Kinrissingh temple Joshimath.  On the climax of Kali-yuga, on the day this wrist breaks and falls on the ground, on that day, the Nara-Narayan (Jai-Vijay) mountains will join.  After this, the road to Badrinath Dham will be blocked forever.  Then Lord Badri Narayan will see his devotees at Bhavishya Badri Dham situated in Subhani village.  Local people say this recognition is gradually proving worthwhile.  It is also necessary to mention here that in all other temples except Narsingh Badri, devotees have darshan of Lord Narayana.  Whereas, Narayan sits in his fourth avatar Narsingh form in Narsingh temple.  However, on his seat he sits with the Dev Panchayat just like Lord Badri Narayan.

Not only faith, but also centers of economy
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The temples of Sapta Badri group are not only centers of faith, but also the axis of mountain life.  Thousands of people are directly and indirectly connected to these temples.  Six months of the yatra, they conduct various economic activities including worship and worship here and gather the means of livelihood for the year.  If seen, these temples also have a great contribution in stopping the migration from the mountain.  Apart from this, the temples of Sapta Badri and Panch Kedar group have played an important role in the propagation of the culture and traditions of the mountain from generations.

Varied forms of Narayana
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Badri Vishal is the best in Kalyug
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Badrinath Dham, situated at an altitude of 3133 meters above sea level in the Anchal of Nar-Narayan Mountains, is the best pilgrimage site among the four Dhams in the country.  It is believed that Adya Shankaracharya built the Badrinath temple in the eighth century.  In the sanctum sanctorum of the temple sits a quadrangular statue of Lord Narayana.  This idol made of Shaligram rock is in Dhyanamudra.  Legend has it that the deities were removed from Naradkund and installed in the temple.  When Buddhists prevailed, they started worshiping it as an idol of Buddha.  During the propaganda of Shankaracharya, the Buddhists fleeing Tibet threw the idol at Alaknanda.  Shankaracharya restored him.  However, the idol was again moved, which was removed from Taptakund for the third time and installed by Ramanujacharya.  The Nara-Narayana Deity is worshiped in the temple and the unbroken lamp is lit, which is a symbol of immovable wisdom-light.  At a distance of 27 km to the west of the temple, the Badrinath shikhar is visible, whose height is 7138 meters.

Yoga-Dhyan Badri
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At the place called Pandukeshwar, there is the ascetic form of Deity meditated by Lord Narayana.  This idol of Ashtadhatu is very attractive and beautiful.  It is popular that the idol of Lord Yoga-Dhyan Badri was brought from Indralok at the time when Arjuna returned from Indraloka after receiving Gandharva lore.  In ancient times, Rawal also used to worship Lord Badri Narayan at this place during winter.  So, the name of Lord Narayana established here changed to Yoga and Meditation.  Yoga-Dhyan Badri is ranked third in Panch Badri.  In winter, when the doors of the Badrinath shrine are closed in the Nara-Narayana Ashram, then the worship of Lord Vishnu, the deity, is performed at this place.  Hence it is also called 'Cold Badri'.

Vriddh Badri
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At Animath (Aranyamath), seven km from Joshimath, lies the very beautiful Deity of Lord Vishnu, which is regularly worshiped and anointed.  Here is the ancient temple of Lord Badri Narayan, in which he is seated as 'Old Badri'.  It is popular that once Devarshi Narada wandered in the dead land and started going towards Badaridham.  Seeing the path's distress, he stopped at the place called Animath to eliminate fatigue.  Here he worshiped and meditated on Lord Vishnu for some time and wished to see him.  Lord Badrinarayan then appeared to Narada as an elder.  Since then, the place established the idol of Badri-Narayan, who was called Vriddhi Badri.

Bhavishya Badri
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In the Kedarkhand of Skanda Purana, it is said that after the completion of Kali Yuga, the two mountains named Jai-Vijay will join together near Joshimath.  If the path is blocked then the sight of Lord Badri Vishal will be impossible.  In such a situation, devotees will be able to worship Lord's Deity at Bhavishya Badri, situated at an altitude of 2744 meters above sea level.  Bhavishya Badri Dham is located on the Joshimath-Malari road, near Tapovan, near Subhanai village.  To reach here, one has to trek four kilometers from Tapovan through the dense pine forest.  It is said that here Maharishi Agastya did penance.  Presently, the Deity of God is manifesting itself in stone here.  There is a tradition of opening the temple with a wardrobe of Badrinath.

Dhyan Badri
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According to mythological legends, Kalpavas was started by Indra at this place.  It is said that when Devaraja became insensible by the curse of Indra Durvasa, he went to Kalpavas at this place to please Lord Vishnu.  Since then, the tradition of Kalpavas started here.  Since the seeker is absorbed in the meditation of the Lord in Kalpavas, the Deity of God is also in self-state here.  That is why this Deity of Narayana was addressed as Dhyan Badri.  The long stay of Narayana devotees gave birth to the Vishnu temple here and this temple was recognized as a part of Sapta Badri.  In ancient times, the gods did penance at this place.  Pleased with this, God gave Kalpavriksha to the gods.  This place is located in Kalpeshwar region of Urgam Ghati.

Adi Badri Dham

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A cluster of ancient temples is visible on Ranikhet Marg, three kilometers ahead of Chandpurgarhhi, the capital of the state of Garhwal, which is located on the right side of the road.  This is the Adi Badri Dham included in Sapta Badri.  Legend has it that these temples were built by the Pandavas during the Swargahrini Yatra.  It is also said that Shankaracharya built these temples in the eighth century.  However, according to ASI (Archaeological Survey of India), they were built by the Katyuri kings between the eighth to the 11th century.  ASI has been taking care of these temples for some years.  The distance from the Adi Badri temple group Karnaprayag is 11 km.  Originally there were 16 temples in this group, of which only 14 remain.  The main temple is of Lord Vishnu, whose identity is to be built on its large size and a high platform.  In the sanctum sanctorum of the temple Lord Vishnu sits a black statue of a meter high Shaligram.  Who stand in their quadrilateral form.  In front of it is a small temple of Garuda Maharaj.  Other temples are dedicated to Satyanarayana, Lakshmi, Annapurna, Chakabhan, Kubera (idolless), Rama-Lakshmana-Sita, Kali, Shiva, Gauri and Hanuman.  These stone temples have elaborate and elaborate carvings and the sense of carving on each temple is unique and different from other temples.  The priests of Adi Badri Dham are Thapliyal of Thapli village.  The doors of this temple are closed only in the month of Pausha and devotees are opened for worship on Makar Sankranti festival.

Narsingh Badri

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Narsingh Temple located in Jyotirmath (Joshimath) of Chamoli district is one of the 108 divine shrines of Lord Vishnu.  Being one of the Sapta Badri, this temple is also called Narsingh Badri.  It is believed that Adi Guru Shankaracharya himself established Narsingh Shaligram here.  A self-made statue of Lord Narsingh, about ten inches high, is installed from the Shaligram rock.  In this, Lord Narsingh sits on the lotus.  He is also associated with the Deities of Badri Narayan, Uddhav and Kubera.  On the right side of the Lord are Shri Ram, Mother Sita, Hanumanji and Garuda Maharaj, and on the left are Mother Chandika (Kali).  It is believed that the wrist of Lord Narsingh's left hand is continuously weakening.  On the day the wrist breaks and falls on the ground, the path of Badrinath will be blocked forever by the meeting of Nar-Narayan (Jai-Vijay) mountain.  Then Lord Badri Narayan will be seen in the future Badri.  Shankaracharya's throne is installed in the Narsingh temple only after Badrinath closes the doors.  Every year a special ritual takes place in the temple before the opening of the cupboard.

Badrinath and nearby places to visit
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Tapt-kund on the banks of Alaknanda, Brahma kapal, serpent pair, Sheshnag-imprinted 'Sheshnatra', Charanapaduka, snow-covered Nilkanth peak, Mata idol temple, Mana, the last village of the country, Ved Vyas cave, Ganesh cave, Bhima bridge,  Temples of Ashta Vasus, Vasudhara, Lakshmi Forest, Satopanth (Swargarahini), the origin of the Alaknanda River and Alkapuri, the abode of Kubera, the Saraswati River, the temple of Urvashi originating from the thigh of Lord Vishnu in Bamani village.
Special:  Look at the peak of Narayan mountain in Badrinath Dham, it seems that the top of the mountain above the temple is located as Sheshnag.  The natural fun of Sheshnag can be seen clearly.

Juicy wild fruits of Himalayas

Juicy wild fruits of Himalayas
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Dinesh Kukreti
Nature has provided unmatched beauty to the mountainous region of Uttarakhand.  Here, not only in nature, in civilization, in culture, in rites, in rituals and traditions, there is as much variety as snigger.  This is the reason that the mountain which appears to be hard away from the distance, makes the inner soul happy.  This is the same mountain, which has been sharing happiness and prosperity in various forms to humanity since time immemorial and even today, this order continues unabated.  See the generosity of the mountain, that he never let any creature who came to his shelter sleep hungry and thirsty.  When he provided medicinal wealth to his forests, he also blessed them with flowers and fruits.  That is why the wild fruits found in the Himalayas were deeply ingrained in the folk culture here.  These wild fruits are very important not only in terms of taste, but also health.  Wild fruits including Bedu, Timla, Melu (Mehal), Kafal, Ames, Dadim, Karaunda, Plum, Wild Amla, Apricot, Hinsar, Kinagod, Khainu, Tung, Khadik, Bhimal, Amra, Kimu, Gular, Bhamora, Bhinu  There are more than a hundred species, which provide natural richness to the mountain.  Vitamins and anti-oxidants are found in plenty in these wild fruits.  The good thing is that due to these qualities, gradually they are also connected to the economy of the mountain.  Actually, their trees, flowers, leaves, bark and roots along with wild fruits are not only helpful in making various medicines, but also in making colors, tanning, etc.  Despite this, due to lack of knowledge about the commercial utility of most fruits, the local people could not connect with the market.  If this is taken care of, then these wild fruits can form a new definition of development in the mountain.  Come!  Some of the major wild fruits
 Let us also get acquainted with the merits.

Sour-sweet pleasing fruit
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If you came to Uttarakhand in summer and did not taste kafal (Mirika esculenta), then the journey was incomplete.  Kafal that springs automatically in the forests of Central Himalayas at an altitude of 1300 to 2100 meters above sea level It is extremely beneficial for our body due to its anti-oxidant properties.  Its small kernel berry-like fruit comes in bunches and becomes very red on ripening.  Then it is eaten.  Its sour-sweet taste is very beneficial in pleasing and stomach disorders.  Kaphal is rich in many medicinal properties.  While its bark is used in tanning, it has also been considered as a good medicine for hunger and diabetes.  Due to its anti-oxidant properties, the risk of cancer and stroke is also reduced.  Kafal cannot be kept for long.  This is the reason why other fruits of Uttarakhand Where they are easily sent to other states, people have to come to Devbhoomi to eat the fruit.  Kafal trees grow in fairly large and cool shady places.  Kafal, which has strong economical ability in mountainous regions, is known as 'Kayphal' in Ayurveda.  Myricetin, myricetrin and glycosides are found in its bark.  Phytochemical polyphenols found in its fruits including inflammation reduction Known for its bacterial and antiviral effects.

Vitamin-c treasure treasure
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The shrubs of Kingod are seen in abundance in the mountains along the jungles and along the paths.  The scientific name of Kinagod, found at altitudes from 1200 to 2500 meters above sea level, is Barbaris erissata.  In ayurveda It is known as Darduhaldi and is used in the diagnosis of various diseases.  It has 656 species worldwide and about 22 species in Uttarakhand.  Traditionally Kyongod skin disease, diarrhea,
 Jaundice is found beneficial in the diagnosis of many other diseases including eye infections, diabetes.  Talking about nutrients and minerals, it is found in protein 3.3 percent, fiber 3.12 percent, corbohydrates 17.39 mg per hundred grams, vitamin C 6.9 mg per hundred grams and magnesium 8.4 mg per hundred grams.  In the manufacture of Ayurvedic medicines, kingod is of such importance that many elements are removed from the same tree.  Vitamin-C is found in plenty in its fruit, which is very beneficial in skin and urinary problems.  However, due to not being familiar with their medicinal properties, the fruit of kingod has not been able to make a place in the market till date.  Whereas, this fruit has no answer in terms of taste.  Therefore children eat it with great fervor.

Himalayan Rasberry is not the answer
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Xhassar (Yellow Rasberry or Himalayan Rasberry), found in abundance in the Himalayan region from 750 to 1800 meters above sea level, is a very tasty fruit.  It also grows on forests and hilly paths on its own.  Hinser's scientific name is Rubus ellipticus, which is a plant of the Rosaceae family.  Due to the presence of good medicinal ingredients in Hinsar, it is used as a traditional medicine in the prevention of various diseases.  ancient times After thorough scientific analysis and testing of Hinsar from to the present, it is also used for anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and wound healing.  Good pharmacology activity as well as nutrient in hinser Elements such as corbohydrate, sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc and acarvic acid are found in abundance.  It contains vitamin C 32 percent, manganese 32 percent, fiber 26 percent and sugar.
The quantity is estimated at four percent.  Apart from this, Hinsar is also being used in making jam, jelly, vinegar, wine, chutney etc.  It is also a good source of malic acid, citric acid, titric acid.  this is the reason
Gradually, the market is also becoming familiar with its fruits.

Excellent flavor of the season
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Timla, found in the central Himalayas from 800 to 2000 meters above sea level, is a fruit that locals, tourists and shepherds eat with great fervor.  Timla, which is a storehouse of nutritional and medicinal properties.  The scientific name of this plant of Moresi clan is Ficus auriculata.  Timla is neither produced nor cultivated.  It grows on the farmland itself under agro forestry. 

Timla is not only of nutritional and medicinal importance It is a fruit, but also plays an important role in the ecology of mountainous regions.  Traditionally, tamale is used in the prevention of many physical disorders such as diarrhea, wound healing, cholera and jaundice.  According to many studies, eating the fruit of Timla helps in the prevention of many diseases as well as the essential nutrients.  According to the International Journal Pharmaceutical Science Review Research, Timla is a better quality fruit than commercially produced apples and mangoes.  Ripe fruit is also considered a better source of glucose, fructose and sucrose, which do not contain fat and cholesterol.  It is found to contain 50 percent more fiber than other fruits and glucose in proportion to the weight of the fruit.  At present, the use of tamale is gaining in abundance in vegetable, jam, jelly and pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and bakery industries.


Baramasi Fruit Juicy Bedu
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On hearing the famous Uttarakhandi folk song 'Bedu Pako Baramasa' the taste of sweet juicy fruits of Bedu (Wild Fig) dissolves in the tongue.  Baramasa means twelve months.  This delicious wild fruit Northwest
 It is found in the Himalayas from low to medium altitude.  It is also used as a vegetable and medicine in many states.  Although the entire plant of Bedu is useful, but its bark, roots, leaves, fruits and chops are full of medicinal properties.  Traditionally, it has been used to prevent abdominal diseases, hypoglycemia, tumors, ulcers, diabetes, and fungal infections.  In Ayurveda pulp of Bedu fruit is used for prevention of constipation, lung disorder and bladder disease disorder.  As far as nutritional quality of Bedu fruit is concerned, it contains protein 4.06 percent, fiber 17.65 percent, fat 4.71 percent, corbohydrate 20.78 percent, sodium 0.75 mg per hundred grams, calcium 105.4 mg per hundred grams, potassium 1.58 mg per hundred grams,  Phosphorus is found at 1.88 mg per hundred grams and most organic matter up to 95.90 percent.  The ripe fruit of Bedu contains 45.2 percent juice, 80.5 percent moisture, 12.1 percent soluble content and about six percent sugar.

Ghingaru has many qualities
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In the mountain, along with peaches and bedu, bushes of Ghingaru (Teagus nullata) are also paralyzed with small red colored fruits.  Gingharu is a multi-yearly shrubby plant of Rosaceae clan, growing at an altitude of 3000 to 6500 feet above sea level in the mountainous regions of the central Himalayas.  Children eat its fruits with great fervor, and now its juice is also being prepared as a blood pressure medicine.  Its leaves are used in making herbal tea abroad.  The neglected Ghingaru found in the jungles of the mountain region is capable of keeping the heart healthy.  This property has been discovered by the Defense Bio-Energy Research Institute Pithoragarh.  The institute has prepared Hridyamrit with its flower juices.  Gringaru fruits have the ability to relieve the above blood pressure and disease like hypertension.  Whereas, the substance made from its leaves protects the skin from burning.  It is called Anti Sunvern.  Also leaves many anti-oxidant cosmetics and It is also used to make cosmetics.  Decoction of the bark of Ghingaru is beneficial in the prevention of female diseases.  Despite being a small bush, Ghingaru's wooden sticks and hockey are considered the best.

Himalayan Strawberry Bhamora
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Bhamora is an important fruit known in the Himalayan regions at altitudes from one thousand to 3000 meters above sea level.  The scientific name of this plant of Cornaceae clan is Cornus capitata.  Although the fruit of Bhamore is rarely eaten, but the grazing people still eat it with great fervor in the forests.  After ripening from mid-September to November, the fruit of Bhamore turns red like strawberry, hence it is also called Himalayan strawberry.  Besides being full of nutritional and medicinal properties, it is also very tasty.  According to a study published in the International General of Farmtech Research in the year 2015, Bhamora also has honeycomb properties.  Anthocyanin, an important ingredient in its fruit, is found ten to 15 times more than other fruits.  Several scientific studies have also reported that the tannin present in Bhamora is also used as an alternative to quinine.  Speaking of nutritious quality in Bhamore fruit, it is found in protein 2.58 percent, fiber 10.43 percent, fat 2.50 percent, potassium 0.46 mg and phosphorus 0.07 mg per hundred grams.

Kushan carpet antiquities are scattered in Virbhadra

 

Kushan carpet antiquities are scattered in Virbhadra

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Dinesh Kukreti

After joining the list of 11 national monuments of the archaeological site excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) near the ancient Shree Veerabhadreshwar temple situated on the banks of the Ganges and Rambha rivers near Pashulok in Rishikesh, the pilgrimage has now got historical recognition.  is.  In the Puranas, King Veerakhadreshwar Mahadev temple is associated with the demolition of King Daksha Prajapati.  From the year 1973 to 1975 near the same temple, excavation was done by ASI under the supervision of archaeologist NC Ghosh.  During this period, a Shaiva temple, huge havan pool and the remains of ancient buildings were found here.

In addition, three cultural stages, from the first century to the eighth century, were found in the Kushan pottery, the remains of brick, coins and burnt bones of animals.  These ancient relics were preserved here by ASI.  Around 2000, these sheds were better protected and a tin shed was constructed here by ASI.  Now this excavation site has been included in the list of 11 national monuments by the Central Government.  With this initiative, this place will not only become a center of tourist attraction, it will also prove to be important for the students and researchers of history.

The remains of three periods were found in the excavation

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In the initial phase, the remains of the wall built of raw bricks were found.  Which are from the first century to the third century.

In the middle phase, the floor built from pieces of ripe bricks and the remains of the Shaiva temple were found.  It dates from the fourth century to the fifth century.

Residential structures built of baked bricks came to light in the final (later) phase.  It dates from the seventh century to the eighth century. 

More than two thousand years old history

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The history of the Virbhadra region is more than two thousand years old.  The objects found in the excavation here show that Virbhadra was a historical and mythological city.  They were inscribed 'Bhadra Mitrasya Droni Ghata' (Bhadramitra, the guard of this ghat on behalf of Droni (Doon)).  The Veerabhadreshwar Temple was built from the north Kushan period walls and had a Shivalinga on its Bhadrapith.  According to the Puranas, Shiva's Bhairav ​​Veerabhadra himself established this Shivling.  Looking at the foundation of the excavated place, it can be said that there must have been a huge Shiva temple with many chambers.  At present, only the foundation is safe in the name of the remains of the temple here.  The platform of Yagya, the place of Nandi bull, idols of Lord Shiva and Gods and Goddesses have been taken under the patronage by the Archaeological Department.

 

Veerabhadra region was famous Shaivatirth till North Gupta period.

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Earlier Virbhadra region was not like it is today.  Today there is Seema Dental College, many ashrams, Tehri is the settlement of the displaced.  It was the famous Shaivatirtha in the Gupta period and the recognition remained till 800 AD i.e. the later Gupta period.  When the Chinese traveler Hieun Tsang (Yuwan-chuan) was visiting Hieun Tsang Mayapuri (Mo-yu-lo), at that time there was also a metropolis with a monastery temple of the followers of Buddhism and Hinduism.

Shiva pacified Virbhadra's wrath here

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Legend has it that angry Sati sacrificed his life in the Yagna Kund on behalf of King Daksha not being invited to Lord Shiva in the Virat Yagya organized at Kankhal (Haridwar).  When Lord Shiva came to know about this, he became enraged and broke his case and gave birth to a Gan called Veerabhadra.Virabhadra destroyed the yajna of King Daksha.  Then Lord Shiva pacified the wrath of Virbhadra on the banks of the Ganges in Rishikesh and established him in a lingam form here.  Later, this Linga became famous as Virabhadra Mahadev.  In one part (60 percent) of this linga is Shiva and in the other part (40 percent) Virabhadra.

Rambha meets Ganga near Virbhadra

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The Rambha River flowing in the Tirthanagari is mentioned in Kedarkhand of 'Skanda Purana'.  The river originates from Rambha Kund (Sanjay Lake) near Kale's slope and joins the Ganga near the Virbhadra Mahadev Temple at Virpur Khurd, covering a distance of four to five km.  There was an ancient fort at the confluence of the Rambha and the Ganges river.  The Veerabhadreshwar Temple is built on top of its remains.  The temple is run by the Niranjani Arena.

 

वीरभद्र में बिखरे कुषाण कालीन पुरावशेष

 

वीरभद्र में बिखरे कुषाण कालीन पुरावशेष

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दिनेश कुकरेती
ऋषिकेश में पशुलोक के समीप गंगा व रंभा नदी के तट पर स्थित प्राचीन श्री वीरभद्रेश्वर मंदिर के पास भारतीय पुरातत्व सर्वेक्षण विभाग (एएसआइ) की ओर से उत्खनित पुरास्थल के 11 राष्ट्रीय स्मारकों की सूची में शामिल होने के बाद अब तीर्थनगरी को ऐतिहासिक पहचान भी मिल गई है। पुराणों में श्री वीरभद्रेश्वर महादेव मंदिर के राजा दक्ष प्रजापति के यज्ञ विध्वंस से जुड़े होने का उल्लेख है। इसी मंदिर के निकट वर्ष 1973 से 1975 तक एएसआइ की ओर से पुरातत्वविद् एनसी घोष की देख-रेख में उत्खनन का कार्य किया गया। इस दौरान यहां एक शैव मंदिर, विशाल हवन कुंड और प्राचीन भवनों के अवशेष प्राप्त हुए। 

 

इसके अलावा तीन सांस्कृतिक चरणों, जिनमें पहली सदी से आठवीं सदी के बीच के कुषाण कालीन मृदभांड, ईंट, सिक्के और पशुओं की जली हुई अस्थियों के अवशेष प्राप्त हुए। इन प्राचीन अवशेषों को एएसआइ ने यहां संरक्षित किया था। वर्ष 2000 के आसपास इन अवशेषों को बेहतर ढंग से सुरक्षित कर एएसआइ की ओर से यहां टिन शेड का निर्माण किया गया। अब इस उत्खनन स्थल को केंद्र सरकार ने 11 राष्ट्रीय स्मारकों की सूची में शामिल किया है। इस पहल से यह स्थल पर्यटकों के आकर्षण का केंद्र तो बनेगा ही, इतिहास के छात्रों व शोधकर्ताओं के लिए भी महत्वपूर्ण साबित होगा।

उत्खनन में मिले थे तीन कालखंडों के अवशेष
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-प्रारंभिक चरण में कच्ची ईंटों से निर्मित दीवार के अवशेष प्राप्त हुए। जो कि पहली सदी से तीसरी सदी तक के हैं।
-मध्य चरण में पकी हुई ईटों के टुकड़ों से निर्मित फर्श व शैव मंदिर के अवशेष प्राप्त हुए। यह चौथी सदी से लेकर पांचवीं सदी तक के हैं।
-अंतिम (परवर्ती) चरण में पकी हुई ईंटों से निर्मित आवासीय संरचनाएं प्रकाश में आईं। यह सातवीं सदी से लेकर आठवीं सदी तक के हैं।

दो हजार साल से अधिक पुराना इतिहास
---------------------------------------------
वीरभद्र क्षेत्र का इतिहास दो हजार साल से भी अधिक पुराना है। यहां खुदाई में मिली वस्तुओं से पता चलता कि वीरभद्र एक एतिहासिक एवं पौराणिक नगर था। इन पर 'भद्र मित्रस्य द्रोणी घाटेÓ (द्रोणी (दून) की ओर से इस घाट का रक्षक भद्रमित्र था) खुदा हुआ था। वीरभद्रेश्वर मंदिर उत्तर कुषाण कालीन इंटिकाओं से निर्मित था और इसकी भद्रपीठ पर शिवलिंग विराजमान था। पुराणों के अनुसार स्वयं शिव के भैरव वीरभद्र ने इस शिवलिंग की स्थापना की थी। खुदाई वाले स्थान की बुनियाद को देखकर कहा जा सकता है कि यहां कई कक्षों वाला विशाल शिव मंदिर रहा होगा। वर्तमान में यहां मंदिर के अवशेषों के नाम पर केवल बुनियाद ही सुरक्षित है। यज्ञ का चबूतरा, नंदी बैल का स्थान, भगवान शिव और देवी देवताओं की मूर्तियों को पुरातत्व विभाग ने अपने संरक्षण में ले लिया है।

उत्तर गुप्तकाल तक प्रसिद्ध शैवतीर्थ रहा वीरभद्र क्षेत्र
--------------------------------------------------------
पहले वीरभद्र क्षेत्र वैसा नहीं था, जैसे आज है। आज यहां सीमा डेंटल कॉलेज है, कई आश्रम हैं, टिहरी विस्थापितों की बस्ती है। गुप्तकाल में यह प्रसिद्ध शैवतीर्थ था और मान्यता इसकी 800 ईस्वी यानी उत्तर गुप्तकाल तक बनी रही। जिस समय चीनी यात्री ह्वेनसांग (युवान-च्वांङ) ह्वेनसांग मायापुरी (मो-यू-लो) का भ्रमण कर रहा था, उस समय यहां भी बौद्ध व ङ्क्षहदू धर्म के अनुयायियों का मठ-मंदिर युक्त एक महानगर था।

शिव ने यहां शांत किया था वीरभद्र का क्रोध
------------------------------------------------
पौराणिक कथा है कि राजा दक्ष की ओर से कनखल (हरिद्वार) में आयोजित विराट यज्ञ में भगवान शिव को आमंत्रित न किए जाने से नाराज सती ने यज्ञ कुंड में अपने प्राणों की आहुति दे दी थी। भगवान शिव को जब इस बात का पता चला तो वह कुपित हो गए और अपना केस तोड़कर वीरभद्र नामक गण की उत्पत्ति की।

वीरभद्र ने राजा दक्ष के यज्ञ का विध्वंस कर दिया। तब भगवान शिव ने ऋषिकेश में गंगा तट पर वीरभद्र के क्रोध को शांत कर उन्हें यहां लिंग रूप में स्थापित किया था। कालांतर में यह लिंग वीरभद्र महादेव के नाम से प्रसिद्ध हुआ। इस लिंग के एक हिस्से में (60 प्रतिशत) शिव हैं और दूसरे हिस्से में (40 प्रतिशत) वीरभद्र।

वीरभद्र के पास गंगा में मिलती है रंभा
------------------------------------------
तीर्थनगरी में बहने वाली रंभा नदी का 'स्कंद पुराणÓ के केदारखंड में जिक्र आया है। यह नदी काले की ढाल के पास रंभा कुंड (संजय झील) से निकलती है और चार-पांच किमी की दूरी तय कर वीरपुर खुर्द स्थित वीरभद्र महादेव मंदिर के पास गंगा में मिलती है। रम्भा व गंगा नदी के संगम पर प्राचीन दुर्ग था। इसी के अवशेषों के ऊपर वीरभद्रेश्वर मंदिर निर्मित है। मंदिर का संचालन निरंजनी अखाड़ा करता है।

Games and barns swing on whose songs

Dedicated to the popular poet and noted folk singer Jeet Singh Negi of Uttarakhandi folk.  His songs will always haunt the Uttarakhandi folk.

 Games and barns swing on whose songs
 -------------------------------------------------
 Dinesh Kukreti
 The pen moved from his hands and the scent of paper songs rose.  Dandi-Kanthi swung when he broke his throat.  On the call of footsteps, the fields and barns started to tremble.  He went ahead and the folk got excited with the smell of the soil.  Poets, lyricists, singers, musicians, theater personalities, dance directors, theatrical directors, dialogues writers, all resembled his stature.  Such a unique personality is that of Jeet Singh Negi, the founder of Garhwali.
 We take you to a time when there was no entertainment except gramophone and radio.  However, this money used to be with the money also.  While radio was a sign of prosperity, gramophone was a luxury.  In the year 1955, Garhwali songs started broadcasting from AIR Delhi.  It was then Jeet Singh Negi who got the credit for being the first song 'Geet Singer' of the radio.  The Tibetans began to tremble in the notes of the folk and the fields and barns rose up.  Lok had found his Messiah.
 Heartfelt voice burst from Negi's throat, 'Thou Holi dandyun maa bira ghasiyari ka maa, maa maa teri streetu mein mi ronu chhaun pardes maa' When the ears of the ghazers fell into their ears, their eyes were blurred.  It is such a classic work in the history of folklore that has crossed the limits of popularity.  In the heart of every Uttarakhandi, the song 'Jeet' started beating.
 It was not the only song to stir up the sea of ​​folk.  Before this, in the year 1949, Negiji had recorded six Garhwali songs from 'Young India' Gramophone Company Mumbai.  At that time, these songs which became the beauty of gramophone, became very popular and were appreciated.  In later years, Negiji became the voice of Uttarakhand.  The reflection of the mountain is reflected in each of his songs.
 Negi ji wrote hundreds of accidental disconnections of the sad Karun life of the migrant hill, which was stricken by lack.  In these, there is an expression of innocent, natural and natural love.  In addition to the songs, Negiji also composed several classics plays.  'Maletha ki kool', 'heavy mistake', 'Jeetu Bagdwal' are his famous plays which have been staged in many cities of the country.  Till the last time his old eyes kept dreaming, of a rich culture, of a prosperous Uttarakhand.  However, in old age, the steps started to stagger, but, the resolution never deterred, the pen did not stop.
 
There was no one like negi
 The leadership of folk singer Jeet Singh Negi played an important role in the cultural activities of Garhwal.  His uniqueness in making and decorating Garhwali songs was recognized not only by Vidyanivas Mishra, the then secretary of Lok Sahitya Samiti Uttar Pradesh, Thakur Jayadev Singh, the then chief producer (music) of All India Radio.  Not only this, the prevalence and popularity of his songs was also certified by the Census Survey Department of India.

 How long will the milk sob
 ------------------------------------------
 Seven years ago, I had the opportunity to interview famous folk singer Jeet Singh Negi.  Probably this was Negiji's last interview.  When the conversation started, Negi started saying, "Where did we want to go and where did we reach."  Where has she lost her apnea (familiarity).  Thought his traditions would prosper in his kingdom.  People's affection for customs will increase.  But here, the opposite Ganges started flowing.  Both art and artists are hurt.  Dudhboli is sobbing, but no one can see her tears.  All are cool in themselves, neither is concerned with culture nor about rites. Ó Saying 'Sur Samrat' Jeet Singh Negi got lost in the depths of the past.
 Now my yearning was increasing, but I did not say anything.  Rather, I dare not say that.  Well!  Negiji broke the silence and started saying, 'It hurts so much, when even close to your loved ones makes you feel worthless.  There is a veil of selfishness on everyone's eyes.  Then whether he is a leader or an officer, nobody has anything to do with Uttarakhand.  Thought that language-culture would be promoted under his rule.  Garhwali-Kumaoni will be honored.  But what happened.  In these ten years, we could not muster the courage to make Garhwali-Kumaoni the second official language.  Neither a concrete culture policy was made nor a film policy.
 Every word of Negiji was hurting like a hammer.  It seemed as if Uttarakhand itself is expressing its pain.  He said, 'I never thought of earning money.  My aim has always been the prosperity of folk culture.  However, today culture is considered as a means of entertainment.  Will such a culture survive?
 Negiji songs are also deeply hurt by the increasing disorderliness and lightness.  He says, "Cutting songs off their soil is very damaging to the culture."  Neither serious artists will be born by this nor art will be patronized. मुताबिक According to them, the poet is an age-visionary.  He not only preserves history but also guides the future.
 A series of things continued.  It was also fun.  I was wishing that Negiji kept saying and I would keep on listening.  But, there are restrictions of time.  So, I also asked permission to go.  Slowly, you came out to leave and while leaving, do not forget to say that now you can do something for your culture.  For your language.

 Life circle
 --------------
 Name: Jeet Singh Negi
 Date of Birth: 2-2-1925
 Died: Ashadh Krishna Amavasya 21 June 2020
 Parents: Roopdei Devi-Sultan Singh Negi
 Place of Birth: Village Manal Patti Padulsun Pauri Garhwal
 Marital Status: Married Children: One son, two daughters
 Education: Intermediate
 Primary education: Kandara, Pauri Garhwal
 Middle: Memio, Myanmar
 Matriculation: Government College Pauri Garhwal
 Intermediate: DAV College Dehradun
 Residence: 108/12, Dharampur Dehradun

 Compositions (in Garhwali)
 -------------------------
 Published
 Geet Ganga: Song Collection
 Jaunal Magari: Song Collection
 Chham Gungru Bazla: Song Collection
 Maletha's Cool: Historical Song Drama
 Massive mistake: social drama

 Unpublished
 Jeetu Bagdwal: Historical Songs
 Raju Postman: Ekanki
 Rami: song play
 Pativrata Rami: Hindi drama
 Raju Postman: Ekanki Hindi adaptation

Staged drama
Heavy mistake: In the year 1952, under the aegis of Garhwal Bhatru Mandal Mumbai, this Garhwali drama was successfully staged.  This was the first major drama of the migrant Garhwalis of Mumbai.  Successful directing and staging of this play from the stage of Himalaya Kala Sangam Delhi in 1954-55.

 Maletha Ki Gool: Staged for the first time in 1970 Dehradun.  Then in 1983 five performances in Dehradun under the auspices of the hill art stage.  Staged 18 times in Chandigarh, Delhi, Tehri, Mussoorie and Mumbai.

 Jeetu Bagdwal: Staged in Dehradun in 1984 under the aegis of the hill art stage.  Eight performances of the drama in 1986 in Dehradun itself.  Four performances again in 1987 in Chandigarh.

 Rami: Successful staging in Narendra Nagar in 1961 on the occasion of Tagore Centenary.  Apart from this, staging in cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Mussoorie, Meerut, Saharanpur etc.

 Raju Postman: Staging of this Hindi-Garhwali mixed unit at Tagore Theater under the aegis of Garhwal Sabha Chandigarh.  Staged seven times in other cities including Moradabad, Dehradun.

 Broadcast from air
 'Jitu Bagdwal' and 'Maletha's Cool' drama broadcast from Akashvani Najibabad.  Since 1954, AIR broadcasts Garhwali songs from Delhi, Lucknow and Najibabad five or six hundred times.
 'Rami' song drama Hindi adaptation of Delhi Doordarshan for the first time
 Demonstration of folk songs and dances from 1950 to now in various cities

 Achievements
 --------------
 1. The composer, composer and vocal emperor of various extinct, semi-choreographed tunes of Garhwali folk songs.  Enhanced the melodies of the Uttarakhand family by incorporating the melodious melodies of other hill regions.  Revived ancient, lost and forgotten melodies with their original talent.  The different forms of nature are embodied in his songs like the swirling clouds, the sprinklers, the springs, the springs, the girdle of the birds, the smile of flowers, the tweet of birds.  Like - 'My maita's country neither bass ghoul, nor bass ghooghuti ghou-stare'.  Hearing the melodious notes of Garhwali folk songs emanating from the mouth of Negi, humans and animals also forget their destination.
 2. The first Garhwali folk songwriter, who recorded six songs in the first Garhwali folk songs 'His Master's Voice and Angel New Recording'.
 3. Through Garhwali folk songs, the ancient and modern social, political, cultural and religious ideas of Garhwal were associated with the life of the people and expressed them in plays and songs.
 4. For future generation of lyricists, the tone, rhythm, rhythm and melody of Garhwali folk songs paved the way for research.
 5. Through the Garhwali folk songs and plays, guided the creators to their living.  Many of his compositions are also being made today.

 Cultural activities
 ------------------------------
 In the year 1942, singing life started with the recitation of Garhwali songs, composed from theatrical forums of Pauri, the cultural capital of Garhwal, since student life itself.  From the very beginning, singing folk songs in catchy melodies became popular.

 - Recording of six Garhwali songs from 'Young India' Gramophone Company Mumbai in the year 1949.  These songs became very popular and were appreciated.

 In the year 1954, he played assistant director in 'Khalifa' movie produced by Mumbai-based film company Movie India.  At the same time, he worked as an assistant director in the film 'Fourteenth Night', which was produced by Mumbai's 'Moon Art Picture'.

 -Also served as Assistant Music Director at National Gramophone Recording Company Mumbai.
 - Lyrics singer of the first batch when Garhwali songs started airing from AIR Delhi in the year 1955.

 Directing colorful programs to give cultural direction to the girl students at Raghumal Arya Kanya Pathshala in Delhi in the year 1955 itself.  In the same year, the leadership of the cultural party under the auspices of the Hill Public Development Committee at the reception of the Chinese delegation in Kanpur.  Apart from this, major contribution to public awareness through Garhwali songs related to progressive and agricultural upliftment in the grand conference of migrant Garhwalis based in Delhi related to Garhwal land reform.

 Directing cultural programs of Saraswati College Delhi in 1955-56.

 The leadership of the Garhwal Group in a cultural festival filled with mountain folklore-dance inaugurated by the then Union Home Minister Pt Govind Ballabh Pant in 1956.  In the same year participated in the singing of religious inspirational songs on the occasion of Buddha Jayanti celebrations in Lansdowne.  Also touring other cities organizing Garhwali folk songs.

 In 1957, Vidyanivas Mishra, Secretary of Lok Sahitya Samithi Uttar Pradesh, invited singing of vocal Garhwali folk songs for special recording, acceptance of songs and their recording.

 Recording of eight Garhwali songs, which were highly popular and appreciated, by themselves singing for HMV and Columbia Gramophone Company in 1957 and 1964.

 - Presentation of hill program on behalf of Garhwal in Lucknow, cultural program organized by Information Department and Public Literature Committee in 1957.  Also actively participated in Garhwali language poetry recitation.

 - Participated in Kavi Sammelan and cultural program in first summer festival in Lansdowne in 1957.  On this occasion, members of the Garhwal Cultural Development Committee were elected.

 - Leadership of Garhwal's folk-dance troupe at the historic Virat Cultural Conference held in Dehradun in 1957.  After that, the art secretary of this institution was elected.

 Organizing and performing folk songs and dances from the stage of mountain cultural conference Dehradun in 1960
 Demonstration of folk songs and dances from the stage of hill cultural conference Dehradun in 1962.

 In 1963, under the auspices of the Harijan Sevak Sangh Dehradun, the unprecedented organizing of folk songs and dances by training mountain child artists for the National Security Fund.  The announcers of this program were also made child actors.

 Directing a panoramic program for Harijan Sevak Sangh in Srinagar Garhwal in 1964.

 - Leadership of Garhwali Cultural Group in the program of folk songs and dance of Uttarakhand under the aegis of Garhwal Bhatru Mandal Mumbai in 1966.

 Decision in colorful event competitions of educational and cultural institutions on the occasion of Mussoorie Autumn Festival in 1970.

 Presentation of cultural programs in Dehradun by its cultural team on the stage of Garhwal Sabha Moradabad in 1972.

 Directed cultural programs by Garhwali artists from 1976 for Garhwal Bhatru Mandal Mumbai.

 Presentation of cultural program by his team for Delhi Doordarshan at the inauguration of Mussoorie TV Tower in 1979.

 -Active part in colorful program on the occasion of centenary celebrations of Central Defense Accounts in 1979.  Presentation of cultural program in the same year by its cultural team on the occasion of Mussoorie Autumn Festival.

 In 1980, under the aegis of the Garhwal Sabha Chandigarh, the leadership of the cultural team in the Tagore Theater and presentation of colorful programs.

 After the formation of the hill art stage in 1982, four performances of cultural programs in Dehradun and four performances of cultural programs on the stage of Garhwal Sabha Chandigarh in the same year.

 Nominated as Secretary of Mountain Arts Forum in 1983.

 Presided over the Garhwali Kavi Sammelan of Garhwali Samaj, Kanpur in 1986.

 - Leadership of Hill Art Forum in 1987 in Allahabad organized cultural event organized by Government of India.

 - Judged in the competition of music, singing, dance and drama held at the National Institute of Dehradun in 1987 for the visually impaired.

 The honor
 ---------
 -Raghumal Arya Kanya Pathshala honored in 1955 for cultural programs by Delhi.

 Honored by Akhil Garhwal Sabha Dehradun for song Ganga, the first collection of Garhwali songs in 1956.

 Honored by District Collector Mohammad Butt on the occasion of sports and cultural competition organized by Provincial Defense Team Dehradun in 1956.

 Honored for Garhwali folk music in 1955 towards the Hill Public Development Institute of Delhi.

 Awarded for cultural programs by Saraswati College Delhi in 1956.

 Citation in 1957 by Acharya Narendra Dev Shastri and MP Bhaktadarshan.

 Honored by the cultural cultural conference Dehradun for the colorful programs of folk songs on the occasion of Republic Day in 1958.

 - The title of 'Lokratna' by Sahitya Sammelan Chamoli in 1962.

 Honored by Himalaya Kala Sangam Dehradun for successful staging of 'Maletha ki Kool' drama in 1970.

 Honored by Defense Accounts Recreation Club CDA Dehradun in 1979.

 - Commendation letter from Akashvani Najibabad on passing the folk music auditions in 1980.

 Honored by District Collector Atul Chaturvedi on behalf of Doon Recreation Club on the occasion of Independence Day in 1984.

 'Garh Ratna' by Garhwal Bhatru Mandal Mumbai in 1990
 Academy Award by Uttar Pradesh Sangeet Academy in 1995, 'Dunaratna' by Citizens' Council Institute Dehradun.

 -1999 in Uttarakhand Festival Dehradun 'Milestone' Award.

 First 'Mohan Upreti Folk Culture' Award from Almora Union in 2000.

 -2003 collective civic accolades on behalf of 18 social organizations of Dehradun.

 'Dr. Shivanand Nautiyal Smriti Samman' by Dr. Shivanand Foundation in 2011.

 -2016 'Life Time Achievement' Award in 'Swarotsav' organized by Dainik Jagran

 Engagement
 --------
 -Entertainment Club Pauri-Garhwal
 Himalaya Kala Sangam, Delhi
 -Family Public Welfare Committee, Delhi
 -Garwal Bhatru Mandal, Mumbai
 -Himalaya Kala Sangam, Dehradun
 -Cultural Cultural Conference, Dehradun
 -Cultural Arts Forum, Dehradun
 -Saraswati College, Delhi
 -Shell Suman, Mumbai
 Akhil Garhwal Sabha, Dehradun
 -Garwal Ramlila Council, Dehradun
 -Gwalwal Sahitya Mandal, Delhi
 -Uttar Pradesh Harijan Sevak Samaj, Dehradun
 -Indian Servant Society, Dehradun

 The album
 ---------
 -Ravenai Rajula
 - Contribution to Bengali cinema
 Wrote the dialogues and lyrics of 'My Pyari Bawai'.